Former Hawke minister dies
Former Hawke government minister and Victorian opposition leader Clyde Holding has died at the age of 80.Mr Holding was the Victorian Labor Party's leader during the "wilderness years" in opposition the 1970s.
He moved to federal politics in 1977 and became a minister when Labor won office under Bob Hawke in 1983.
Between 1983 and 1987 he served as Minister for Aboriginal Affairs in the Hawke Government, where he appointed the first Indigenous head of the then Department of Aboriginal Affairs, Charles Perkins.
He also held ministries in Transport and Communications, Immigration, Local Government and Ethnic Affairs, Minister Assisting the Treasurer, Minister Assisting Prime Minister on Multicultural Affairs and finally Minister for the Arts and Territories up until 1990.
He remained on the backbench until 1998 when he retired from politics.
Mr Holding campaigned hard against the death penalty and co-founded the law firm now known as Holding Redlich, a leading advocate on social and industrial issues.
Prime Minister Julia Gillard paid tribute to Mr Holding today, saying he was "widely regarded as an exemplary local Member and a strong friend of the Jewish community. He was a leader of integrity who showed passion for the values he believed in, whether they were popular or not."
"Today we honour an outstanding servant of the Australian people whose loss will be deeply mourned by his family and friends, former colleagues and all who valued his significant contribution to public life in this nation."
Mr Holding died last night at a care facility in Castlemaine, Victoria.
He is expected to be farewelled in a state funeral next week.
Victorian Family Life - News
Aside from a school party which is making its way around the impressive Victorian building as one of the theatre's heritage staff attempts to inspire them with tales of its glamorous past, the auditorium is empty. Well, almost.
(Jeremy Papasso/Camera) the Victorian era each summer. A roving cowboy tells tall tales, while volunteers dressed in traditional garb talk about the daily life on the ranch. “I love the history of the place,” said Vicki Quarles, a Lafayette resident
"Today we honour an outstanding servant of the Australian people whose loss will be deeply mourned by his family and friends, former colleagues and all who valued his significant contribution to public life in this nation." Mr Holding died last night
Extensive water damage from a leaky roof (and the raccoon family living there) would have frightened away most people. But Mr. Hansen, who partnered with Jimmy Roach as the WDVE-FM morning radio duo in the 1980s, saw a chance to bring a Victorian house
Visitors to the house will be able to see a spruce root basket, carved ivory and bone items and other Native art works, as well as items from the Wickersham family's everyday life, he said. The house itself was built in 1898, and among its residents
A teacher's salary in the Victorian era would be…? - Asking Lawyers
Salaries were low, and there were more women teaching than men.
This will give you an idea as to where teachers stood in society. For the upper and middle class society, life was very good for the Victorian family. Life for the lower class was worlds apart. The aristocracy made up the upper class, of which there were about forty thousand. The middle class was composed of industrialists, businessmen, merchants and bankers, lawyers and doctors. Just below them were dentists, officials, teachers and policemen! Mostly they classed themselves by the fact that they, in their own eyes, earned a living without using their hands. They numbered about two million. The rest, called the lower class, that is people who used their hands to earn a living, numbered about twelve million. And everybody knew their place in their society.
Head teachers made between 150 and 300 pounds.
Estimated wages for governess was somewhere between 15-100 pounds, with the average salary 20-40 pounds. If you factor in 30 pounds a year for a governess or tutor, they could be making between 50-95 pounds per year.
A minimum income needed to maintain a genteel style of life was 150-200 pounds. Governesses and tutors were living on the bottom margin at best of genteel life. Jane Eyre was making 30 pounds for her teaching position as a governess as compared to 15 pounds in a teaching position.
Hope this helps.
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